Guidelines for Brain Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy:

This page provides evidence-based guidelines for brain cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy, including:

• Common side effects and their prevention

• Dos and don’ts

• Home remedies

• Dietary modifications and supplements

• Practical advice

• Commonly used medications in oncology

The information is based on standard international medical guidelines (e.g., NCCN, ASTRO), and was kindly provided by Dr. Narendra Rathore of MB Hospital, Udaipur.

1. Common Side Effects of Radiation Therapy

In brain cancer, radiation therapy (e.g., external beam radiation therapy or stereotactic radiosurgery) can affect the brain and scalp tissues.

2. Prevention

Preventive steps can reduce the severity of side effects:

• Scalp Care: Keep the scalp clean, dry, and moisturized. Use doctor-recommended moisturizers (e.g., CeraVe, etc.)

• Hydration: Drink 2–3 liters of water daily to stay hydrated and reduce nausea.

• Nutritional Support: Prevent weight loss by following a calorie- and protein-rich diet as advised by a dietitian.

• Sun Protection: Protect the treated scalp area from sun exposure with a soft cap, scarf, or sunscreen (only under doctor’s advice).

• Fatigue Management: Balance work and rest. Engage in light physical activities like walking.

• Cognitive Support: Do mental exercises (e.g., puzzles, reading) to maintain cognitive function.

• Nausea Prevention: Take anti-nausea medications as prescribed.

3. Dos and Don’ts

Based on international guidelines (MASCC, NCCN):

Do:

• Wash your scalp 2–3 times daily with lukewarm water and mild soap (e.g., Dove), and pat dry gently.

• Use recommended moisturizers (e.g., Vaseline) 2–3 times daily.

• Stay hydrated with 8–10 glasses of water, coconut water, or diluted fruit juices.

• Report serious symptoms like headache, seizures, or vomiting to your oncologist.

• Rest appropriately to manage fatigue and headaches.

• Follow your doctor’s advice and take medications regularly.

Don’t:

• Avoid harsh products like scented soaps, lotions, or hair sprays on the treated area.

• Do not scratch or rub the scalp to prevent infection.

• Avoid smoking and alcohol, as they worsen side effects and delay recovery.

• Avoid excessive heat: do not use hot water, hair dryers, or heating pads on the scalp.

• Don’t hide symptoms like headaches, seizures, or changes in alertness from your doctor.

• Don’t self-medicate or try home remedies without medical advice.

4. Home Remedies

These are based on traditional practices and expert consensus. However, always consult your oncologist before use:

• For scalp irritation/dryness:

  • Aloe vera gel: Apply gently for cooling and moisture.

  • Coconut oil: Apply to external scalp only (not on open wounds).

• For headache and swelling:

  • Ginger tea: Boil ginger, cool, and sip slowly.

  • Cold compress: Wrap ice in a cloth and apply to the scalp for 10–15 mins.

  • Coconut water: Drink 1–2 glasses daily for hydration and energy.

⚠️ Caution: Do not apply any remedy on scalp wounds without your oncologist’s approval, in order to avoid any possibility of infection.

5. Dietary Modifications and Supplements

Proper nutrition is essential to manage side effects and maintain strength (ESPEN guidelines):

Dietary Recommendations:

• Easily digestible and nourishing foods:

  • Vegetable soup: With carrots, etc.

  • Mashed potatoes: With salt and butter.

  • Buttermilk: Helps with hydration and digestion.

• Eat 5–6 small meals daily for easier digestion and steady energy.

• High-calorie, high-protein options: milkshakes, protein shakes..

• Drink 8–10 glasses of water, coconut water, or diluted non-citrus juices.

Avoid:

• Spicy, fried, oily, or heavy foods (e.g., pickles, tomatoes, etc.)

Supplements (under medical supervision):

• Protein powder: For protein intake.

• Omega-3 fatty acids: May reduce inflammation and support brain health.

• Multivitamins: For deficiencies (e.g., Vitamin D, B-complex).

• Zinc: May help in wound healing.

• Probiotics: For digestive support (as needed).

6. Consultation with Treating Oncologist

Regular follow-up is crucial for monitoring side effects and adjusting treatment (NCCN Guidelines):

• Monitoring: Routine tests (e.g., CBC, electrolytes) to detect anemia or dehydration, especially during chemoradiation. MRI or PET scans may be needed to assess brain condition.

• Emergency visits: For seizures, worsening symptoms, or treatment complications.

• Symptom tracking: Keep a daily log (e.g., pain, seizures, diet) to share with your oncologist during visits.

7. Nutritional Support:

• Enteral nutrition formulas if oral intake is inadequate.

⚠️ Caution: Do not self-medicate. All drugs must be prescribed and monitored by your oncologist, as some may interact with cancer treatment.

⭐ Additional Suggestions

• Stay connected: Share concerns with your oncologist, family, or counselors.

• Track symptoms: Keep daily notes on headaches, seizures, appetite, and skin condition.

• Mental wellness: Practice relaxation techniques, deep breathing, or listen to calming music (avoid strenuous activities).

Important Note:

Radiation therapy side effects are mostly manageable with proper care. Stay in regular contact with your oncologist, follow their guidance, and use home remedies cautiously.

You are not alone on this journey. ❤️